红水河梯级水电站水库地震监测台网的建设与发展     

牟剑英  谢夜玉  龙宗志  郭培兰 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(5):128-140

水库地震监测是我国地震监测的重要组成部分。文中阐述了红水河梯级水电站水库地震监测台网的建设发展历程，详细介绍了天生桥一级、龙滩、岩滩、大化及大藤峡水库专用地震监测台网的建设和发展，并对比分析了库区蓄水前后的地震活动记录，讨论了水库地震监测台网面临的升级改造及运行管理等问题，建议采用流域化统一管理。  相似文献   

Response of hybrid isolation system during a shake table experiment of a full‐scale isolated building     

Keri L. Ryan  Taichiro Okazaki  Camila B. Coria  Eiji Sato  Tomohiro Sasaki 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(11):2214-2232

A full‐scale 5‐story steel moment frame building was subjected to a series of earthquake excitations using the E‐Defense shake table in August, 2011. For one of the test configurations, the building was seismically isolated by a hybrid system of lead‐rubber bearings and low friction roller bearings known as cross‐linear bearings, and was designed for a very rare 100 000‐year return period earthquake at a Central and Eastern US soil site. The building was subject to 15 trials including sinusoidal input, recorded motions and simulated earthquakes, 2D and 3D input, and a range of intensities including some beyond the design basis level. The experimental program was one of the first system‐level full‐scale validations of seismic isolation and the first known full‐scale experiment of a hybrid isolation system incorporating lead‐rubber and low friction bearings. Stable response of the hybrid isolation system was demonstrated at displacement demands up to 550 mm and shear strain in excess of 200%. Torsional amplifications were within the new factor stipulated by the code provisions. Axial force was observed to transfer from the lead‐rubber bearings to the cross‐linear bearings at large displacements, and the force transfer at large displacements exceeded that predicted by basic calculations. The force transfer occurred primarily because of the flexural rigidity of the base diaphragm and the larger vertical stiffness of the cross‐linear bearings relative to the lead‐rubber bearings.  相似文献   

济南东部大辛河渗漏段地下水示踪试验与分析          下载免费PDF全文

丁冠涛  刘玉仙  曹光明  齐欢 《山东国土资源》2018,34(2)

2013年以来,济南市为正确处理好保泉和市民饮用优质地下水的关系,组织实施了地表水转换地下水补源系列工程,旨在补源保泉的前提下开采地下水。大辛河地表水转地下水工程是其中重要的组成部分,为了查明大辛河渗漏补源后地下水的补给方向、径流速度等,在大辛河主要渗漏段开展了地下水示踪试验。结果显示:地下水渗漏补源后沿渗漏段—龙奥大厦—济南东区供水奥体加压站—贤文小区一线大体自南向北径流,视径流速度约45m/d,越往两侧流速越缓慢,表明大辛河地表水转地下水工程主要对东郊水源地进行补给,对市区四大泉群补给较弱。示踪试验得出的结论,对大辛河地表水转地下水工程运行具有重要指导作用,对后期管理部门合理规划补源、开采布局具有重要的借鉴意义,促进济南保泉和供水的有机统一。  相似文献   

筒型桩靴在饱和砂土中的贯入阻力研究          下载免费PDF全文

吴曲楠  刘润  张海洋  王宇飞 《地震工程学报》2018,40(6):1183-1190

桩靴贯入阻力的准确预测是自升式钻井平台安全作业的前提。通过小比尺模型试验,研究饱和砂土中桩靴贯入速度对筒型桩靴插桩性能的影响,并基于地基承载力理论提出筒型桩靴贯入阻力的计算方法,进而采用CEL有限元方法模拟筒型桩靴的贯入过程,并与试验结果进行比较。研究发现:当模型试验中桩靴贯入速度在0.1～0.3mm/s时,桩靴的贯入可看作是准静态过程,此时贯入阻力变化不大,采用基于地基承载力理论中的Hansen公式和Vesic公式可较为准确地计算出对应某一深度的贯入阻力;CEL有限元方法可有效模拟筒型桩靴的贯入过程,当桩靴的贯入速度为0.1～0.3mm/s时,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。  相似文献   

青藏铁路沿线不同类型挡沙墙阻沙率     

杨印海  薛春晓  石龙  李凯崇  孔令伟  张芳 《中国沙漠》2020,40(1):173-178

基于风洞试验对青藏铁路沿线不同类型防沙措施防沙效果进行模拟研究，探讨了不同类型挡沙墙的防沙效果。结果表明：挂板式、轨枕式和箱式挡沙墙输沙率随高度基本呈递增缓变型趋势，最大输沙率低于20%；铃铛式和高立式聚乙烯（PE）网挡沙墙随高度呈递减陡降型趋势，距地表6~8 cm处为转折点，转折点以上输沙率随高度增大急剧减小，转折点以下输沙率随高度变化较为平缓，最大输沙率低于50%。随着风速的增大，各挡沙墙的阻沙率呈递减趋势：挂板式和轨枕式挡沙墙对风速的敏感性最弱，整体阻沙效果较优，可大范围推广；箱式挡沙墙对风速的敏感性较弱，建议在风速18 m·s^-1以下的地区使用；PE网挡沙墙防沙效果对风速的敏感性最强，建议在风速10 m·s^-1以下的地区使用。  相似文献   

面向ResearchGate的古气候文献数据采集系统的研制与应用测评     

张学珍  尹君  白孟鑫  李艳波  郑景云 《地理科学进展》2020,39(7):1140-1148

论文基于Linux平台,利用Python(V3.6)和MySQL(V5.7),开发了一套“面向ResearchGate的古气候文献数据采集系统”;并且通过人工判读从全球古气候资料共享网(https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov)数据库中遴选出1450篇古气候重建论文,对关键词进行了分类汇总,初步构建了用于古气候文献检索的关键词表。依据这一关键词表,利用古气候文献数据采集系统,从ResearchGate数据库中进行了文献检索。针对来自ResearchGate的32493篇文献和来自NCDC的1450篇文献,通过时间尺度、代用资料类型、气象要素、研究地区(国家)4个维度关键词词频的对比分析,发现2套文献数据关键词词频的相对差异基本一致。这表明依据初步构建的关键词表,自ResearchGate检索获取的古气候重建文献是有效的,能反映古气候重建研究现状。如此庞大数量的研究论文为下一步收集未被NCDC收录的古气候重建结果提供了丰富的数据源。“面向ResearchGate的古气候文献数据采集系统”达到了预期设计目标。  相似文献   

Coordinative similitude law considering fluid‐structure interaction for underwater shaking table tests     

Zhong‐Xian Li  Kun Wu  Yundong Shi  Ning Li  Yang Ding 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(11):2315-2332

Generally, when a model is made of the same material as the prototype in shaking table tests, the equivalent material density of the scaled model is greater than that of the prototype because mass is added to the model to satisfy similitude criteria. When the water environment is modeled in underwater shaking table tests, however, it is difficult to change the density of water. The differences in the density similitude ratios of specimen materials and water can affect the similitude ratios of the hydrodynamic and wave forces with those of other forces. To solve this problem, a coordinative similitude law is proposed for underwater shaking table tests by adjusting the width of the upstream face of the model or the wave height in the model test to match the similitude ratios of hydrodynamic and wave forces with those of other forces. The designs of the similitude relations were investigated for earthquake excitation, wave excitation, and combined earthquake and wave excitation conditions. Series of numerical simulations and underwater shaking table tests were performed to validate the proposed coordinative similitude law through a comparison of coordinative model and conventional model designed based on the coordinative similitude law and traditional artificial mass simulation, respectively. The results show that the relative error was less than 10% for the coordinative model, whereas it reached 80% for the conventional model. The coordinative similitude law can better reproduce the dynamic responses of the prototype, and thus, this similitude law can be used in underwater shaking table tests.  相似文献   

Assessment of soil factors controlling ephemeral gully erosion on agricultural fields   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Paul Ollobarren Del Barrio  Miguel A. Campo‐Bescós  Rafael Giménez  Javier Casalí 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(9):1993-2008

The soil factor is crucial in controlling and properly modeling the initiation and development of ephemeral gullies (EGs). Usually, EG initiation has been related to various soil properties (i.e. sealing, critical shear stress, moisture, texture, etc.); meanwhile, the total growth of each EG (erosion rate) has been linked with proper soil erodibility. But, despite the studies to determine the influence of soil erodibility on (ephemeral) gully erosion, a universal approach is still lacking. This is due to the complex relationship and interactions between soil properties and the erosive process. A feasible soil characterization of EG erosion prediction on a large scale should be based on simple, quick and inexpensive tests to perform. The objective of this study was to identify and assess the soil properties – easily and quickly to determine – which best reflect soil erodibility on EG erosion. Forty‐nine different physical–chemical soil properties that may participate in establishing soil erodibility were determined on agricultural soils affected by the formation of EGs in Spain and Italy. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory and in the field (in the vicinity of the erosion paths). Because of its importance in controlling EG erosion, five variables related to antecedent moisture prior to the event that generated the gullies and two properties related to landscape topography were obtained for each situation. The most relevant variables were detected using multivariate analysis. The results defined 13 key variables: water content before the initiation of EGs, organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, relative sealing index, two granulometric and organic matter indices, seal permeability, aggregates stability (three index), crust penetration resistance, shear strength and an erodibility index obtained from the Jet Test erosion apparatus. The latter is proposed as a useful technique to evaluate and predict soil loss caused by EG erosion. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Analysis of the Characteristics of the D.P.R. Korean Seismic Event on September 23, 2017     

Du Guangbao  Zhao Yong  Sun Li  He Shaolin  Liu Jie 《中国地震研究》2018,32(2):280-287

A M3. 4 seismic event occurred in the Punggye-ri nuclear test site,D. P. R Korea at 16∶29 p.m. on September 23,2017. We analyzed the waveforms of this event recorded by the China Earthquake Networks Center. In conclusion,this event is complex,including an explosion with a successive earthquake. Although the beginning of the event is an explosion,fault dislocation plays the main role in the event.  相似文献   

不同厚度饱和砂土中群桩结构动力响应试验研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

李雨润  强东峰  邹泽  刘荟达  王海 《地震工程学报》2018,40(4):625-630

液化土中桩基础动力响应规律一直是工程抗震领域关注的热点问题。本文基于非液化砂土和不同厚度饱和砂土中的2×2群桩结构模型振动台试验,通过输入一定峰值加速度和频率的正弦波,对群桩在非液化土层和两种不同厚度饱和砂土层中的横向动力响应特性进行振动台试验研究。研究结果表明:在正弦波输入情况下,非液化砂土中群桩承台加速度和位移时程与台面输入时程相比,波形变化规律与峰值大小均相差不大;而对两种不同厚度饱和砂土中承台加速度和位移峰值放大较多,在相对较薄的饱和砂土中群桩承台加速度峰值较台面输入放大了1.83倍,较台面输出位移峰值放大了1.58倍;在相对较厚的饱和砂土中承台加速度和位移峰值则分别放大了2.18倍和1.91倍,说明在相同输入条件下,较厚的饱和砂土在发生液化后群桩承台的动力响应更加显著。  相似文献